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The command set of a microprocessor smart card is much broader than that of a memory-only smart card. In addition to read and write commands, microprocessor smart cards provide memory access management commands (e.g. PIN verification commands) and internal file system management commands. The single command is called APDU (Application Protocol Data Unit). Thanks to the ability to store information in an extremely secure and inviolable manner and the possibility of processing data within it, the microprocessor smart card is primarily intended as an IT tool for the secure and certified identification of individuals secondly as a computing device to support cryptography capable of storing and protecting private cryptographic keys and executing the main cryptographic algorithms.