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Istanbul (/ˌɪstænˈbuËl/ or /ËŒiËstÉ‘ËnˈbuËl/;[8][9] Turkish: Ä°stanbul [isˈtanbuÉ«] ( listen)), once known as Constantinople and Byzantion before that, is the most populous city in Turkey, and the country's economic, cultural, and historical center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea.