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Dry white maize field ready for harvesting on a farm in Potchefstroom, in the Northwest of South Africa Approximately 8,0 million tons of maize grain are produced in South Africa annually on approximately 3,1 million ha of land. Half of the production consists of white maize, for human food consumption. Maize needs 450 to 600 mm of water per season, which is mainly acquired from the soil moisture reserves.